<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Administrator
 * @subpackage  com_finder
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt
 */

defined('_JEXEC') or die;

use Joomla\String\StringHelper;

JLoader::register('FinderIndexerHelper', __DIR__ . '/helper.php');
JLoader::register('FinderIndexerParser', __DIR__ . '/parser.php');
JLoader::register('FinderIndexerStemmer', __DIR__ . '/stemmer.php');
JLoader::register('FinderIndexerTaxonomy', __DIR__ . '/taxonomy.php');
JLoader::register('FinderIndexerToken', __DIR__ . '/token.php');

jimport('joomla.filesystem.file');

/**
 * Main indexer class for the Finder indexer package.
 *
 * The indexer class provides the core functionality of the Finder
 * search engine. It is responsible for adding and updating the
 * content links table; extracting and scoring tokens; and maintaining
 * all referential information for the content.
 *
 * Note: All exceptions thrown from within this class should be caught
 * by the controller.
 *
 * @since  2.5
 */
abstract class FinderIndexer
{
	/**
	 * The title context identifier.
	 *
	 * @var    integer
	 * @since  2.5
	 */
	const TITLE_CONTEXT = 1;

	/**
	 * The text context identifier.
	 *
	 * @var    integer
	 * @since  2.5
	 */
	const TEXT_CONTEXT = 2;

	/**
	 * The meta context identifier.
	 *
	 * @var    integer
	 * @since  2.5
	 */
	const META_CONTEXT = 3;

	/**
	 * The path context identifier.
	 *
	 * @var    integer
	 * @since  2.5
	 */
	const PATH_CONTEXT = 4;

	/**
	 * The misc context identifier.
	 *
	 * @var    integer
	 * @since  2.5
	 */
	const MISC_CONTEXT = 5;

	/**
	 * The indexer state object.
	 *
	 * @var    JObject
	 * @since  2.5
	 */
	public static $state;

	/**
	 * The indexer profiler object.
	 *
	 * @var    JProfiler
	 * @since  2.5
	 */
	public static $profiler;

	/**
	 * Database driver cache.
	 *
	 * @var    JDatabaseDriver
	 * @since  3.8.0
	 */
	protected $db;

	/**
	 * Reusable Query Template. To be used with clone.
	 *
	 * @var    JDatabaseQuery
	 * @since  3.8.0
	 */
	protected $addTokensToDbQueryTemplate;

	/**
	 * FinderIndexer constructor.
	 *
	 * @since  3.8.0
	 */
	public function __construct()
	{
		$this->db = JFactory::getDbo();

		$db = $this->db;

		/**
		 * Set up query template for addTokensToDb, we will be cloning this template when needed.
		 * This is about twice as fast as calling the clear function or setting up a new object.
		 */
		$this->addTokensToDbQueryTemplate = $db->getQuery(true)->insert($db->quoteName('#__finder_tokens'))
			->columns(
				array(
					$db->quoteName('term'),
					$db->quoteName('stem'),
					$db->quoteName('common'),
					$db->quoteName('phrase'),
					$db->quoteName('weight'),
					$db->quoteName('context'),
					$db->quoteName('language')
				)
			);
	}

	/**
	 * Returns a reference to the FinderIndexer object.
	 *
	 * @return  FinderIndexer instance based on the database driver
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException if driver class for indexer not present.
	 */
	public static function getInstance()
	{
		// Setup the adapter for the indexer.
		$serverType = JFactory::getDbo()->getServerType();

		// For `mssql` server types, convert the type to `sqlsrv`
		if ($serverType === 'mssql')
		{
			$serverType = 'sqlsrv';
		}

		$path = __DIR__ . '/driver/' . $serverType . '.php';
		$class = 'FinderIndexerDriver' . ucfirst($serverType);

		// Check if a parser exists for the format.
		if (file_exists($path))
		{
			// Instantiate the parser.
			JLoader::register($class, $path);

			return new $class;
		}

		// Throw invalid format exception.
		throw new RuntimeException(JText::sprintf('COM_FINDER_INDEXER_INVALID_DRIVER', $serverType));
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the indexer state.
	 *
	 * @return  object  The indexer state object.
	 *
	 * @since   2.5
	 */
	public static function getState()
	{
		// First, try to load from the internal state.
		if ((bool) static::$state)
		{
			return static::$state;
		}

		// If we couldn't load from the internal state, try the session.
		$session = JFactory::getSession();
		$data = $session->get('_finder.state', null);

		// If the state is empty, load the values for the first time.
		if (empty($data))
		{
			$data = new JObject;

			// Load the default configuration options.
			$data->options = JComponentHelper::getParams('com_finder');

			// Setup the weight lookup information.
			$data->weights = array(
				self::TITLE_CONTEXT => round($data->options->get('title_multiplier', 1.7), 2),
				self::TEXT_CONTEXT  => round($data->options->get('text_multiplier', 0.7), 2),
				self::META_CONTEXT  => round($data->options->get('meta_multiplier', 1.2), 2),
				self::PATH_CONTEXT  => round($data->options->get('path_multiplier', 2.0), 2),
				self::MISC_CONTEXT  => round($data->options->get('misc_multiplier', 0.3), 2)
			);

			// Set the current time as the start time.
			$data->startTime = JFactory::getDate()->toSql();

			// Set the remaining default values.
			$data->batchSize   = (int) $data->options->get('batch_size', 50);
			$data->batchOffset = 0;
			$data->totalItems  = 0;
			$data->pluginState = array();
		}

		// Setup the profiler if debugging is enabled.
		if (JFactory::getApplication()->get('debug'))
		{
			static::$profiler = JProfiler::getInstance('FinderIndexer');
		}

		// Setup the stemmer.
		if ($data->options->get('stem', 1) && $data->options->get('stemmer', 'porter_en'))
		{
			FinderIndexerHelper::$stemmer = FinderIndexerStemmer::getInstance($data->options->get('stemmer', 'porter_en'));
		}

		// Set the state.
		static::$state = $data;

		return static::$state;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to set the indexer state.
	 *
	 * @param   object  $data  A new indexer state object.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success, false on failure.
	 *
	 * @since   2.5
	 */
	public static function setState($data)
	{
		// Check the state object.
		if (empty($data) || !$data instanceof JObject)
		{
			return false;
		}

		// Set the new internal state.
		static::$state = $data;

		// Set the new session state.
		JFactory::getSession()->set('_finder.state', $data);

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to reset the indexer state.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   2.5
	 */
	public static function resetState()
	{
		// Reset the internal state to null.
		self::$state = null;

		// Reset the session state to null.
		JFactory::getSession()->set('_finder.state', null);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to index a content item.
	 *
	 * @param   FinderIndexerResult  $item    The content item to index.
	 * @param   string               $format  The format of the content. [optional]
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The ID of the record in the links table.
	 *
	 * @since   2.5
	 * @throws  Exception on database error.
	 */
	abstract public function index($item, $format = 'html');

	/**
	 * Method to remove a link from the index.
	 *
	 * @param   integer  $linkId  The id of the link.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   2.5
	 * @throws  Exception on database error.
	 */
	public function remove($linkId)
	{
		$db    = $this->db;
		$query = $db->getQuery(true);

		// Update the link counts and remove the mapping records.
		for ($i = 0; $i <= 15; $i++)
		{
			// Update the link counts for the terms.
			$query->clear()
				->update($db->quoteName('#__finder_terms', 't'))
				->join('INNER', $db->quoteName('#__finder_links_terms' . dechex($i), 'm') .
					' ON ' . $db->quoteName('m.term_id') . ' = ' . $db->quoteName('t.term_id')
				)
				->set($db->quoteName('links') . ' = ' . $db->quoteName('links') . ' - 1')
				->where($db->quoteName('m.link_id') . ' = ' . (int) $linkId);
			$db->setQuery($query)->execute();

			// Remove all records from the mapping tables.
			$query->clear()
				->delete($db->quoteName('#__finder_links_terms' . dechex($i)))
				->where($db->quoteName('link_id') . ' = ' . (int) $linkId);
			$db->setQuery($query)->execute();
		}

		// Delete all orphaned terms.
		$query->clear()
			->delete($db->quoteName('#__finder_terms'))
			->where($db->quoteName('links') . ' <= 0');
		$db->setQuery($query)->execute();

		// Delete the link from the index.
		$query->clear()
			->delete($db->quoteName('#__finder_links'))
			->where($db->quoteName('link_id') . ' = ' . (int) $linkId);
		$db->setQuery($query)->execute();

		// Remove the taxonomy maps.
		FinderIndexerTaxonomy::removeMaps($linkId);

		// Remove the orphaned taxonomy nodes.
		FinderIndexerTaxonomy::removeOrphanNodes();

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to optimize the index. We use this method to remove unused terms
	 * and any other optimizations that might be necessary.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   2.5
	 * @throws  Exception on database error.
	 */
	abstract public function optimize();

	/**
	 * Method to get a content item's signature.
	 *
	 * @param   object  $item  The content item to index.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The content item's signature.
	 *
	 * @since   2.5
	 */
	protected static function getSignature($item)
	{
		// Get the indexer state.
		$state = static::getState();

		// Get the relevant configuration variables.
		$config = array(
			$state->weights,
			$state->options->get('stem', 1),
			$state->options->get('stemmer', 'porter_en')
		);

		return md5(serialize(array($item, $config)));
	}

	/**
	 * Method to parse input, tokenize it, and then add it to the database.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed    $input    String or resource to use as input. A resource input will automatically be chunked to conserve
	 *                             memory. Strings will be chunked if longer than 2K in size.
	 * @param   integer  $context  The context of the input. See context constants.
	 * @param   string   $lang     The language of the input.
	 * @param   string   $format   The format of the input.
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The number of tokens extracted from the input.
	 *
	 * @since   2.5
	 */
	protected function tokenizeToDb($input, $context, $lang, $format)
	{
		$count = 0;
		$buffer = null;

		if (empty($input))
		{
			return $count;
		}

		// If the input is a resource, batch the process out.
		if (is_resource($input))
		{
			// Batch the process out to avoid memory limits.
			while (!feof($input))
			{
				// Read into the buffer.
				$buffer .= fread($input, 2048);

				/*
				 * If we haven't reached the end of the file, seek to the last
				 * space character and drop whatever is after that to make sure
				 * we didn't truncate a term while reading the input.
				 */
				if (!feof($input))
				{
					// Find the last space character.
					$ls = strrpos($buffer, ' ');

					// Adjust string based on the last space character.
					if ($ls)
					{
						// Truncate the string to the last space character.
						$string = substr($buffer, 0, $ls);

						// Adjust the buffer based on the last space for the next iteration and trim.
						$buffer = StringHelper::trim(substr($buffer, $ls));
					}
					// No space character was found.
					else
					{
						$string = $buffer;
					}
				}
				// We've reached the end of the file, so parse whatever remains.
				else
				{
					$string = $buffer;
				}

				// Parse, tokenise and add tokens to the database.
				$count = $this->tokenizeToDbShort($string, $context, $lang, $format, $count);

				unset($string, $tokens);
			}

			return $count;
		}

		// Parse, tokenise and add tokens to the database.
		$count = $this->tokenizeToDbShort($input, $context, $lang, $format, $count);

		return $count;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to parse input, tokenise it, then add the tokens to the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $input    String to parse, tokenise and add to database.
	 * @param   integer  $context  The context of the input. See context constants.
	 * @param   string   $lang     The language of the input.
	 * @param   string   $format   The format of the input.
	 * @param   integer  $count    The number of tokens processed so far.
	 *
	 * @return  integer  Cummulative number of tokens extracted from the input so far.
	 *
	 * @since   3.7.0
	 */
	private function tokenizeToDbShort($input, $context, $lang, $format, $count)
	{
		// Parse the input.
		$input = FinderIndexerHelper::parse($input, $format);

		// Check the input.
		if (empty($input))
		{
			return $count;
		}

		// Tokenize the input.
		$tokens = FinderIndexerHelper::tokenize($input, $lang);

		// Add the tokens to the database.
		$count += $this->addTokensToDb($tokens, $context);

		// Check if we're approaching the memory limit of the token table.
		if ($count > static::$state->options->get('memory_table_limit', 30000))
		{
			$this->toggleTables(false);
		}

		return $count;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to add a set of tokens to the database.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $tokens   An array or single FinderIndexerToken object.
	 * @param   mixed  $context  The context of the tokens. See context constants. [optional]
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The number of tokens inserted into the database.
	 *
	 * @since   2.5
	 * @throws  Exception on database error.
	 */
	protected function addTokensToDb($tokens, $context = '')
	{
		// Get the database object.
		$db = $this->db;

		// Count the number of token values.
		$values = 0;

		if (($tokens instanceof FinderIndexerToken) === false)
		{
			// Break into chunks of no more than 1000 items
			$chunks = count($tokens) > 1000
				? array_chunk($tokens, 1000)
				: array($tokens);

			foreach ($chunks as $chunkTokens)
			{
				// Cloning a new query template is twice as fast as calling the clear function
				$query = clone $this->addTokensToDbQueryTemplate;

				// Iterate through the tokens to create SQL value sets.
				foreach ($chunkTokens as $token)
				{
					$query->values(
						$db->quote($token->term) . ', '
						. $db->quote($token->stem) . ', '
						. (int) $token->common . ', '
						. (int) $token->phrase . ', '
						. $db->escape((float) $token->weight) . ', '
						. (int) $context . ', '
						. $db->quote($token->language)
					);
					++$values;
				}

				$db->setQuery($query)->execute();
			}
		}
		else
		{
			$query = clone $this->addTokensToDbQueryTemplate;

			$query->values(
				$db->quote($tokens->term) . ', '
				. $db->quote($tokens->stem) . ', '
				. (int) $tokens->common . ', '
				. (int) $tokens->phrase . ', '
				. $db->escape((float) $tokens->weight) . ', '
				. (int) $context . ', '
				. $db->quote($tokens->language)
			);
			++$values;

			$db->setQuery($query)->execute();
		}

		return $values;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to switch the token tables from Memory tables to Disk tables
	 * when they are close to running out of memory.
	 * Since this is not supported/implemented in all DB-drivers, the default is a stub method, which simply returns true.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $memory  Flag to control how they should be toggled.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   2.5
	 * @throws  Exception on database error.
	 */
	protected function toggleTables($memory)
	{
		return true;
	}
}
